A research breakthrough could pave the way for hydrophobic paper packaging from cellulose nanofibers. Such fibers are naturally derived from cellulose and therefore renewable and biodegradable. They are known for their strength and versatility, making them suitable for use in the packaging industry.Based at the Polytechnic University of Milan, Italy, the research team combined short chains of proteins (peptide sequences) that do not chemically modify the cellulose nanofibres to create the hydrophobic cellulose nanofibers.